STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
STANDARDIZATION LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Fifth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on December 29, 1988, promulgated by
Order No. 11 of the President of the People's Republic of China on
December 29, 1988, and effective as of April 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to developing the socialist commodity
economy, promoting technical progress, improving product quality,
increasing social and economic benefits, safeguarding the interests of the
State and the people and suiting standardization to the needs in socialist
modernization and in the development of economic relations with foreign
countries.
Article 2
Standards shall be formulated for the following technical requirements
that need to be unified:
(1) the varieties, specifications, quality and grades of industrial
products as well as the safety and sanitary requirements for them;
(2) the design, production, inspection, packing, storage, transportation
and methods of operation of industrial products as well as the safety and
sanitary requirements for them in the process of production, storage and
transportation;
(3) technical requirements and testing methods related to environmental
protection;
(4) the designs, construction procedure and safety requirements for
construction projects; and
(5) technical terms, symbols, code names and drawing methods related to
industrial production, project construction and environmental protection.
Major agricultural products and other items that need to be standardized
shall be designated by the State Council.
Article 3
The tasks of standardization shall include the formulation of standards
and organization of and supervision over the implementation of the
standards. Standardization shall be incorporated in the plan for national
economic and social development.
Article 4
The State shall encourage the active adoption of international standards.
Article 5
The department of standardization administration under the State Council
shall be in charge of the unified administration of standardization
throughout the country. Competent administrative authorities under the
State Council shall, in line with their respective functions, be in charge
of standardization in their respective departments and trades.
The departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be
in charge of the unified administration of standardization within their
respective administrative areas. Competent administrative authorities
under the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities
directly under the Central Government shall, in line with their respective
functions, be in charge of standardization in their respective departments
and trades within their respective administrative areas.
The standardization administration departments and the competent
administrative authorities of cities and counties shall, in line with
their respective functions as assigned by the governments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government, be in charge of standardization within their respective
administrative areas.
Chapter II Formulation of Standards
Article 6
National standards shall be formulated for the technical requirements that
need to be unified nationwide. National standards shall be formulated by
the department of standardization administration under the State Council.
Where, in the absence of national standards, technical requirements for a
certain trade need to be unified, trade standards may be formulated. Trade
standards shall be formulated by competent administrative authorities
under the State Council and reported to the department of standardization
administration under the State Council for the record, and shall be
annulled on publication of the national standards. Where, in the absence
of both national and trade standards, safety and sanitary requirements for
industrial products need to be unified within a province, an autonomous
region or a municipality directly under the Central Government, local
standards may be formulated. Local standards shall be formulated by
departments of standardization administration of provinces, autonomous
regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and
reported to the department of standardization administration and the
competent administrative authorities under the State Council for the
record, and shall be annulled on publication of the national or trade
standards.
Where, in the absence of both national and trade standards for products
manufactured by an enterprise, standards for the enterprise shall be
formulated to serve as the criteria for the organization of production. An
enterprise's standards for its products shall be reported to the
standardization administration department and the competent administrative
authorities under the local government for the record. Where national or
trade standards have been formulated, the State shall encourage
enterprises to formulate their enterprise standards, which are more
stringent than the national or trade standards, to be used in these
enterprises.
Where the formulation of standards is otherwise provided for by law, such
legal provisions shall be complied with.
Article 7
National standards and trade standards shall be classified into compulsory
standards and voluntary standards. Those for safeguarding human health and
ensuring the safety of the person and of property and those for compulsory
execution as prescribed by the laws and administrative rules and
regulations shall be compulsory standards, the others shall be voluntary
standards.
The local standards formulated by standardization administration
departments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly
under the Central Government for the safety and sanitary requirements of
industrial products shall be compulsory standards within their respective
administrative areas.
Article 8
The formulation of standards shall be conducive to ensuring safety and the
people's health, safeguarding consumer interests and protecting the
environment.
Article 9
The standards to be formulated shall be conducive to a rational use of the
country's resources, a wider utilization of scientific and technological
gains and the enhancement of economic returns, conform to operation
instructions, increase the universality and interchangeability of
products, and be technologically advanced and economically rational.
Article 10
The standards to be formulated shall be coordinated with and supported by
related standards.
Article 11
The standards to be formulated shall help promote economic and
technological cooperation with foreign countries and foreign trade.
Article 12
The roles of trade associations, scientific research institutions and
academic organizations shall be brought into play in the formulation of
standards. A department engaged in the formulation of standards shall
organize a committee on standardization technology composed of
specialists, which shall be responsible for the drafting of the standards
and shall participate in the examination of the draft standards.
Article 13
After the standards come into force, the department that formulated them
shall, in the light of scientific and technological developments and the
needs in economic construction, make timely reviews of the current
standards to determine if they are to remain effective or are to be
revised or annulled.
Chapter III Implementation of Standards
Article 14
Compulsory standards must be complied with. It shall be prohibited to
produce, sell or import products that are not up to the compulsory
standards. With regard to voluntary standards, the State shall encourage
their adoption by enterprises on an optional basis.
Article 15
With respect to products for which national or trade standards have been
formulated, enterprises may apply to the standardization administration
department under the State Council or agencies authorized by the same
department for product quality authentication. For products which are
authenticated to conform to the standards, certificates shall be issued by
the department that made the authentication and the use of the prescribed
authentication marks shall be permitted on such products and the packing
thereof.
If products for which authentication certificates have been granted do not
conform to national or trade standards, or if products have not undergone
authentication or found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, no authentication marks shall be permitted for use on such
products leaving factories for sale.
Article 16
Technical requirements for export products shall comply with contractual
provisions.
Article 17
The development of new products, improvement of products or technical
renovation by an enterprise shall conform to standardization requirements.
Article 18
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level shall be responsible for supervision over and
inspection of the implementation of the standards.
Article 19
Departments of standardization administration under governments at or
above the county level may, in accordance with needs, establish inspection
organizations or authorize inspection organizations of other units to
examine whether products conform to the standards. Where the laws and
administrative rules and regulations provide otherwise on inspection
organizations, such provisions shall apply.
Disputes over whether a product conforms to the standards shall be handled
in accordance with the inspection data provided by the inspection
organizations as specified in the preceding paragraph.
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Article 20
Whoever produces, sells or imports products that do not conform to the
compulsory standards shall be dealt with according to law by the competent
administrative authorities as prescribed by the laws and administrative
rules and regulations. In the absence of such prescriptions, his products
and unlawful proceeds shall be confiscated and he shall be concurrently
fined by the administrative authorities for industry and commerce; where
serious consequences are caused and crimes are constituted, the person
directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the law.
Article 21
Where authentication marks are used on products leaving a factory for
sale, for which authentication certificates have been issued but which do
not conform to national or trade standards, the enterprise concerned shall
be ordered by the department of standardization administration to stop the
sale and shall be fined concurrently; where the circumstances are serious,
the authentication certificates shall be revoked by the department that
made the authentication.
Article 22
Whoever uses authentication marks, without authorization, on products
leaving a factory for sale, which have not undergone authentication or
have been found not up to the standards after the authentication
proceedings, shall be ordered by the department of standardization
administration to stop the sale and shall concurrently be fined.
Article 23
A party which refuses to accept the punishment of confiscation of its
products and of its unlawful proceeds and a fine may, within 15 days of
receiving the penalty notice, apply for reconsideration to the office
immediately above the one that made the punishment decision; a party which
refuses to obey the reconsideration decision may, within 15 days of
receiving the reconsideration decision, bring a suit before a people's
court. The party also may, within 15 days of receiving the penalty notice,
directly bring a suit before a people's court. If a party neither applies
for reconsideration nor brings a suit before a people's court within the
prescribed time nor complies with the punishment decision, the office that
made the punishment decision shall apply to a people's court for
compulsory execution.
Article 24
Personnel responsible for the supervision, inspection and administration
of standardization who violate the law or neglect their duties, or are
engaged in malpractices for personal gains, shall be given disciplinary
sanctions; where crimes are constituted, their criminal responsibility
shall be investigated in accordance with the law.
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 25
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Council.
Article 26
This Law shall go into effect as of April 1, 1989.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
广西壮族自治区防御雷电灾害管理办法
广西壮族自治区人民政府
广西壮族自治区防御雷电灾害管理办法
广西壮族自治区人民政府
（2001年1月9日广西壮族自治区人民政府第26次常务会议通过，自2001年3月1日起施行）
第一条 为了防御和减轻雷电灾害（以下简称防雷减灾），保护国家财产和人民生命财产安全，保障经济建设顺利进行，根据《中华人民共和国气象法》，结合自治区实际，制定本办法。
第二条 凡在自治区行政区域内从事防雷减灾活动的单位和个人，必须遵守本办法。
第三条 防雷减灾工作实行预防为主、防治结合的方针，坚持统一规划、统一部署、统一管理的原则。
第四条 县级以上气象行政主管部门主管本行政区域内的防雷减灾工作，其下设的防雷减灾机构具体负责防雷减灾工作的组织管理和协调指导。
未设气象行政主管部门的县、市辖区，其防雷减灾工作由上一级气象行政主管部门负责。
经气象行政主管部门授权，电力企业在授权范围内负责电力高压线路、发电厂、变电站等高电压电力设施的防雷减灾工作，并接受自治区气象行政主管部门及其防雷减灾机构的指导和监督。
建设、公安消防、质量技术监督等有关行政主管部门应当按照各自职责，协助气象行政主管部门做好防雷减灾工作。
第五条 各级人民政府应当加强对防雷减灾工作的领导，组织有关部门采取有效措施，做好防雷减灾工作，提高防雷减灾的能力。
第六条 各级气象行政主管部门应当会同有关部门组织对防雷减灾技术、防雷产品以及雷电监测、预警系统的研究、开发和推广应用，开展防雷减灾科普宣传，增强全社会防雷减灾意识。
第七条 下列场所或者设施必须安装雷电灾害防护装置（以下简称防雷装置）：
（一）建筑物防雷设计规范规定的一、二、三类防雷建（构）筑物；
（二）石油、化工、易燃易爆物资的生产或者贮存场所；
（三）电力生产设施和输配电系统；
（四）通信设施、广播电视系统、计算机信息系统；
（五）法律、法规、规章和防雷技术规范规定必须安装防雷装置的其他场所和设施。
第八条 从事建（构）筑物防雷装置设计、施工的单位，应当持有建设行政主管部门颁发的建设工程设计、施工资质证书。
前款规定以外的专门从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的单位，应当按照国家气象行政主管部门的规定向自治区气象行政主管部门办理资质等级认定手续。
专门从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的单位应当到工商行政管理机关办理注册登记手续后，方可开展防雷装置设计、施工业务。
防雷装置设计、施工单位应当在其资质等级许可的范围内，承揽防雷装置设计、施工业务。
第九条 专门从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的专业技术人员必须按照国家和自治区有关规定参加专业技术培训，经考核合格后取得相应的资格证书。
第十条 防雷装置设计单位应当根据当地雷电活动规律和地理位置、地质、土壤、环境等外界条件，结合雷电防护对象的防护范围和目的，严格按照国家和自治区规定的防雷技术规范和技术标准进行设计。
第十一条 新建、改建、扩建本办法第七条第（一）项规定的建（构）筑物，建设单位将施工图设计文件报送建设行政主管部门或者其他有关部门审查批准时，其防雷装置设计文件由防雷减灾机构按照国家有关规定参与审核。
本办法第七条第（二）、（三）、（四）、（五）项规定的场所或者设施，建设单位应当将其防雷装置设计文件直接报送防雷减灾机构审核。
防雷装置设计文件需要变更的，建设单位应当按原审核程序报批。
防雷装置设计文件未经审核或者审核不合格的，建设单位不得施工。
第十二条 本办法第十一条规定以外的其他防雷装置设计文件，建设单位自愿报请防雷减灾机构审核的，防雷减灾机构应当出具审核意见。
第十三条 防雷减灾机构应当自收到防雷装置设计文件审核申请之日起15个工作日内出具审核结论。
防雷装置设计文件不符合国家和自治区规定的防雷技术规范和技术标准的，应当按照审核结论进行修改并重新报送审核。
第十四条 防雷装置施工单位应当按照经审核合格的防雷装置设计文件进行施工，并接受防雷减灾机构的监督和技术指导。
防雷减灾机构应当根据建设项目施工进度，对防雷装置安装情况进行检查，并将检查结果书面告知施工单位。
第十五条 本办法第七条规定必须安装防雷装置的场所或者设施，其防雷装置竣工后必须经防雷减灾机构验收；防雷装置未经验收或者经验收不合格的，不得投入使用。
第十六条 有关机构或者部门从事防雷装置检测业务，必须经自治区气象行政主管部门审核批准，并取得自治区质量技术监督部门的计量认证合格证书。
防雷装置检测机构应当按照核定的检测项目、范围和防雷技术规范、技术标准开展检测工作。
第十七条 按照本办法第七条规定安装的防雷装置，使用单位应当做好日常维护工作，并通过防雷装置检测机构的年度检测。对年度检测不合格的防雷装置，使用单位必须在限期内整改。
石油、化工、易燃易爆物资的生产或者贮存场所，其防雷装置必须每半年接受检测一次。
第十八条 防雷装置检测机构出具的检测数据必须公正、准确，并按照约定承担相应的民事责任。
第十九条 防雷产品应当符合国家和自治区规定的质量要求，并经质量检验机构检验合格。
进口的防雷产品应当符合国家强制性标准要求。
禁止生产、销售、安装、使用不合格或者国家明令淘汰的防雷产品。
第二十条 遭受雷电灾害的单位和个人应当及时向防雷减灾机构报告灾情，并积极协助防雷减灾机构对雷电灾害进行调查和鉴定。
防雷减灾机构应当自接到雷电灾情报告之日起15个工作日内作出雷电灾害鉴定书。
第二十一条 违反本办法第七条规定，应当安装防雷装置而未安装的，由气象行政主管部门责令改正，并可处以10000元以下的罚款。
第二十二条 违反本办法第八条第二款、第三款规定，专门从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的单位未办理资质等级认定手续擅自从事防雷装置设计、施工业务或者超越资质等级承揽防雷装置设计、施工业务的，由气象行政主管部门责令停止违法行为，并可处以违法所得2倍以上5倍以下
的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得难以确定的，可处以5000元以上50000元以下的罚款。
第二十三条 违反本办法，有下列行为之一的，由气象行政主管部门给予警告，责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，处以1000元以上10000元以下的罚款：
（一）专门从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的专业技术人员未取得相应资格证书擅自从事防雷装置设计、施工业务的；
（二）防雷装置设计文件未经审核或者审核不合格，擅自施工的；
（三）变更防雷装置设计文件未按原审核程序报批的；
（四）防雷装置未经验收或者验收不合格，擅自投入使用的；
（五）防雷装置使用单位拒绝接受年度检测或者年度检测不合格又拒绝整改的；
（六）防雷装置检测机构未按照核定的检测项目、范围和防雷技术规范、技术标准进行检测的。
第二十四条 违反本办法第十六条第一款规定，未经自治区气象行政主管部门批准，擅自设立防雷装置检测机构从事防雷装置检测业务的，由气象行政主管部门责令停止违法行为，并可处违法所得2倍以上5倍以下的罚款；没有违法所得或者违法所得难以确定的，可处以5000元以
上50000元以下的罚款。
第二十五条 违反本办法规定，导致雷击爆炸、人员伤亡和财产严重损失等雷击事故的，对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接负责人员依法给予行政处分或者纪律处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。造成他人伤亡和财产损失的，应当依法承担赔偿责任。
第二十六条 违反本办法规定的其他行为，依照有关法律、法规、规章的规定处理。
第二十七条 气象行政主管部门及其所属防雷减灾机构在防雷减灾工作中滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，依法给予行政处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第二十八条 本办法中下列用语的含义是：
（一）雷电灾害，是指因直击雷、雷电感应、雷电感应的静电、雷电波侵入等造成人员伤亡、财产损失。
（二）防雷装置是指具有防御直击雷、雷电感应和雷电波侵入性能并安装在建（构）筑物等场所和设施的接闪器、引下线、接地装置、抗静电装置、电涌保护器以及其他连接导体等防雷产品和设施的总称。
第二十九条 本办法自2001年3月1日起施行。
2001年1月22日
